Quêtes littéraires
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Quêtes littéraires est une revue annuelle publiée depuis 2011 par l'Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II et les Éditions Werset. La revue est un lieu d'échange de recherches consacrées à la littérature française et francophone et se veut un espace ouvert où sont invités à publier tous les chercheurs qui travaillent dans ce domaine.
(English) Quêtes littéraires is an annual journal published since 2011 by the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin and Werset Publishing House. The journal is a forum for exchange of ideas concerning French and Francophone literary studies; we invite all researchers whose work focuses on this field. We welcome submissions pertinent to the topic we propose for each thematically-oriented volume. We accept original research articles in French that represent high academic quality.
Politique d'accès libre
La revue paraît une fois par an, en décembre. Depuis 2017 elle est publiée en même temps en version papier et version électronique ; elle est disponible dans le modèle Open Access. En accord avec la politique d'accès ouvert, nous rendons nos articles directement et immédiatement accessibles au public.
Rédacteur en chef:
Edyta Kociubińska (Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II).
Contact principal: ekociub@kul.pl
Rédacteur en chef adjoint:
Judyta Niedokos (Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II)
Comité scientifique:
José-Luis Diaz (Université Paris VII, France)
Giovanni Dotoli (Université de Bari, Italie)
Véronique Duché (Université de Melbourne, Australie)
Gérard Gengembre (Université Caen Normandie, France)
Pierre Glaudes (Université Paris IV, France)
Anthony Glinoer (Université de Sherbrooke, Canada)
Philippe Hamon (Université Paris III-Sorbonne Nouvelle, France)
Georges Jacques (Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique)
Samia Kassab-Charfi (Université de Tunis, Tunisie)
Wiesław Malinowski (Université Adam Mickiewicz de Poznań, Pologne)
Bertrand Marchal (Université Paris IV, France)
Paweł Matyaszewski (Université Catholique de Lublin JP II, Pologne)
Charles Mazouer (Université Bordeaux-Montaigne, France)
Zbigniew Naliwajek (Université de Varsovie, Pologne)
Catherine Nesci (Université de Californie à Santa Barbara, États-Unis)
Marc Quaghebeur (Archives et Musée de la Littérature, Bruxelles, Belgique)
Ana Helena Rossi (Université de Brasília, Brésil)
Daniel Sangsue (Université de Neuchâtel, Suisse)
Gisèle Séginger (Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée, France)
Magdalena Wandzioch (Université de Silésie, Pologne)
ISSN: 2084-8099
e-ISSN: 2657-487X
DOI: 10.31743/ql
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Université Catholique de Lublin JP II
Al. Racławickie 14
20-950 Lublin
e-mail: quetes-litteraires@kul.pl
Université Catholique de Lublin JP II
Al. Racławickie 14
20-950 Lublin
e-mail: quetes-litteraires@kul.pl
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- ItemAbsents et absences dans les Essais de Montaigne(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Bjaï, DenisExcept for Étienne de la Boétie, the friend for ever gone but whose presence pervades the Essais so vividly, the reader can notice the nearly total – and therefore puzzling – absence of Montaigne’s mother, Antoinette de Louppes, contrasting with the recurrent mentions to his father, Pierre Eyquem. He will also encounter strange omissions, such as Montaigne’s silence on St-Bartholomew’s Day massacre, and telling lapses, for instance on the answers given to young King Charles IX by the cannibals from Brazil. Do the Essais really “tell everything” (On vanity, III, 9), as Montaigne claims they do?
- ItemLe paradigme de l’absence dans l’œuvre de Jean Muno(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Bizek-Tatara, RenataIn the works of Jean Muno the absenteeism theme has got diffrent features and forms. Escape from grey and sad reality to the world of imagination is the best way to deal with mental and physical absenteeism: weary figure is looking for loneliness away from his everyday reality. He wants to dream and reflect in peace and quite. The absence has been showed as a lack, also has been presented in the perspective of ontological. Characters created by J. Muno have personality problems cause by time reality and society. Society determined who character should become. All efforts being yourself ends failure. Muno in his works presents french speakers Belgians, called la belgitude. The heroes of Muno have problem with find them national identity, they suffer because of double culture. They are able to accept and take advantage of this situation.
- ItemReprésentations de l’absence et du manque : de La Dispersion au Livre brisé de Serge Doubrovsky(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Levy, NuritAuthor and academic, Serge Doubrovsky, is an important figure in contemporary French literature. His numerous publications foretell the emergence of a new literary concept, positioning him in the domain of post-modernism with the emergence of auto-fiction. From The Dispersion to The Broken Book, the auto-fiction unfolds in a jerky narrative, while the genesis of the work revolves around a profound sense of lack and absence that the writer tries to fill through his writing. The experience of World War II left a lifelong indelible mark on the writer’s own identity and brings forth the creation of this hybrid autobiography that aims at tearing down generic and literary boundaries. Letters and words are used to confront what is missing in his life in a transgressing style that describes the violence of this experience. In this way, Doubrovsky leaves a trace of his existence, transforming his life into a novel – a work of fiction – and by giving space to imagination when telling his own story.
- ItemLa présence et le fonctionnement de l’absence dans le Nouveau Roman(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Grzesiak, CzesławThe French nouveau roman is characterised by lack of numerous elements typical of the traditional, commonly called Balzacian, novel. This lack involves the rejection of plot, omniscient narrator, psychological, moral and ideological factors, social and political engagement, the decomposition of character, the indeterminacy and gradual implosion of time and space as well as the text generation based on some lack or void. The aim of the article is to present these missing elements of the represented world and to discuss their functions in the works of leading practitioners of the nouveau roman, such as Samuel Beckett (predecessor), Michel Butor, Marguerite Duras, Robert Pinget, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Nathalie Sarraute and Claude Simon.
- ItemLe manque en tant que métaphore de l’écriture : de l’indicible et du mot-absence chez Marguerite Duras(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Ledwina, AnnaMarguerite Duras’s works deal with the problems typical of the literary studies in the second half of the twentieth century: presence and absence, abandoning chronological order of events, and eroticism. This article analyses her literary technique, including text fragmentation and elliptical style. The author searches for appropriate means of expression, often using silence and loneliness in keeping with her vision of absence attributed to women, kept silent by the dominant culture. Omissions in the narrative emphasise the inexpressible, beyond rational. Absence is meaningful, e.g. the missing photograph in The Lover. Absence also implies a desire to change and to write. Duras shows the problem in the context of a hidden image and an act of creation. The missing word alludes to a search of self. The author grasps complexity and diversity of absence. It is part of the theme, style, and text structure, emphasising the limitations of the language and the powerlessness of the protagonist.
- ItemDe la fiction d’une absence à l’autofiction d’une présence : l’écriture de la mort de la mère dans l’œuvre de Jorge Semprun(Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II, Éditions Werset, 2011) Ponchon, Catherine“Night has enshrouded my childhood” write Jorge Semprun. Civil War and exile have erased any trace of the childhood he spent in Madrid. What was left to the writer were only flashes of memory and an old picture of his mother. Jorge Semprun was eight years of age when his mother died of septicemia. Through writing, thirty years later, he was able to evoke her death, but how was he to tell about her absence? Between fiction and reality, five of Jorge Semprun’s novels recreate his childhood. His mother will first of all be an absence or an implicit presence behind his relating the city of his childhood. Having set the scene, ghostly characters whose identities are undefined but whose discourses become more and more outlined will appear. The mother will become a nostalgic absence. Her features, her character will be sketched out. Jorge Semprun will move forward, hiding behind the multiple identities of his characters and the freedom which fiction provides him. It will be up to the last character, a fictive double of the writer, to find the last traces of a mother who has turned into a haunting presence.
- Item(In)visibles persévérances de l’absence. Les enjeux de la mise en forme dans Les Années d'Annie Ernaux(Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II, Éditions Werset, 2011) Rachwalska von Rejchwald, JolantaA dialectic between presence and absence, remembrance and oblivion, testimony and silence, body and its trace reflects the gist of the most recent Ernaux’es book. It constitutes not only plenteaus thematic confluence, but also or even majorly an axis of the book’s construction. Its structure encompasses various layers such as: rhetorical, stylistic and typographic, which separately and together combined reside in prevailing tensioned coexistence of presence and absence.
- ItemAntonin Artaud ou l’absence à soi-même et l’expérience du vide(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Rougé, DominiqueConcerning Antonin Artaud it has been a question of some lack of work, but in the article we propose to the reading we are talking about another kind of absence. Indeed, in his correspondence and in the writings of his youth, the poet was complaining to be absent to himself. He was saying that words could not convey what he felt, that he had the impression to be a spectator of himself. Over time, he will say that he was feeling some emptiness in him. Is it to fill this emptiness that he spent his time writing on notebooks, and that he had replaced speaking by screaming? As a conclusion to this article, we spend some time thinking about the concepts of absence and emptiness, following some writings of Pierre Fédida.
- ItemAbsence du romanesque dans le roman hybride de Charles Nodier – Adèle(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Rabsztyn, AndrzejThis paper deals with intentional breakaway of novel elements in romantic story published in 1820. On the one hand, the book belongs to the rich tradition of epistolary, on the other, it also gives un example of how formal borders can be transgressed between novel composed of letters and novel written as intimate diary, what leads to the disappearance of typical novel elements in texts from the turn of XVII and XVIII c. This absence of fiction appears firstly in paratext (especially in the preface to the novel), where the author presents his own concept of novel, and then in letters.
- ItemEntre l’absence et la présence de la Morte dans Bruges-la-Morte de Georges Rodenbach(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Komandera, AleksandraIn his short novel Bruges-la-Morte Georges Rodenbach presents an inconsolable widower, Hugues Viane, who tries to immortalise his dead wife by the worship of her souvenirs and installing himself in Bruges, a “dead town”. The aim of the study is to examine how the absence changes into presence. Firstly, the Dead returns in Hugues Viane’s mind, the spouse appears in multiple portraits the widower contemplates every day and especially in the cult of her hair. Then, she reveals herself also in the history and the actual state of Bruges. Finally, the dead woman returns in her “double” – Jane Scott, a theatre dancer, who becomes for Hugues Viane his wife risen from the dead, unfortunately only for a while. Georges Rodenbach chooses absence as the main aspect of his novel, but he joins it to all kind of attempts, especially related to the fantastique, to transform it into presence.
- ItemL’absence qui devient présence : la vie et l’Idée dans Sixtine de Remy de Gourmont(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2011) Sadkowska-Fidala, AgataSixtine by Remy de Gourmont marks the refusal of nature and tangible reality and the choice of imagination to the detriment of reality. Its principal character, Hubert d’Entragues is a faithful disciple of idealism of symbolism. Since he chooses to think rather that to live, it is not surprising that the plot of the novel is almost nonexistent. The plot develops around of d’Entragues’ desire to win the beautiful Sixtine, which is in itself condemned to failure since he is doing nothing to reach her and refuses to take any effort. The woman, who could have served as the principal impulse of the plot, is practically inexistent in this story (though it is a passionate story) and is replaced by the ideal woman: the story is doubled by the second story, e.g. a novel written by the character which is a transposition of his “cerebral” relation with Sixtine and a realisation of presence of the latter. Art replaces life, and life does not exist in itself. It is shaped by thought. But the chosen absence of any facts of life is fruitful: it gives birth to a novel. It is a story of a prisoner in love with the statute of the Virgin which he sees while taking a daily walk. In this novel the carnal accomplishment is not necessary in order for a true and sincere passion to develop, and the satisfaction of desire may destroy the dream and the ideal.
- ItemTom est mort/Mot est mort – l'impossibilité du langage dans le roman de Marie Darrieussecq(Université Catholique de Lublin Jean-Paul II, Éditions Werset, 2011) Kotowska, KatarzynaAn emptiness after one’s child death seems to be impossible to describe. In her novel Tom is dead, Marie Darrieussecq explores mother’s forbidden thoughts. She reconstructs her grieving process ten years after an accidental death of her four years old son. She starts to write a journal to finally deal with her trauma. Darrieussecq challenges the taboo or writing about things that words are almost impossible to express. The significant thing is that the boy’s name, “Tom”, is the anagram of “mot” which stands for “a word” in French. For that reason, the death of Tom becomes the death of word. The analysis of the novel in the optic of psychoanalysis results in interesting conclusions, just likewise Marie Darrieussecq’s study in meta-literary context.
- ItemSe perdre afin de se retrouver : l'importance du passage entre l’absence et la présence dans Œdipe sur la route de Henry Bauchau(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Ślusarska, AlicjaRetracing in his novel the labyrinthine journey that leads Oedipus from the place of his abomination (Thebes) to the city of his future glory (Colonus), Henry Bauchau fills the emptiness between Sophocles’s Oedipus the King and Oedipus at Colonus. Bauchau’s hero, a powerful king, loses everything and stabs his eyes out when the cruel truth about his real identity is revealed. Blind, homeless, devoid of meaning of life, Oedipus leaves on a journey to pass away anywhere. However, his way to death turns out to be, thanks to benevolent presence of others and art’s liberating power, the road to personal elucidation. The story of Bauchau’s Oedipus, who finally recognizes himself as a truly human, is based therefore on the passage between absence and presence, between darkness and lucidity, on the union of contradictions which symbolize the complexity of human nature. This paper attempts to analyse different representations of absence in Bauchau’s novel. Afterwards, the article focuses on the ways which facilitate Oedipus’s road leading from depersonalization to rediscovery of his own identity.
- ItemLa dialectique de l'absence et de la présence dans la création poétique : l'exemple de la poésie française(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Litsardaki, MariaConsidering poetry as a literary form in close relation with absence and scarcity; this paper deals with some of the most frequent and significant forms of absence that appear in poetic texts. The physical absence of the other, due either to death or to the distance between the two individuals, is the most common kind in lyric poetry. Modern poetry often deals with Gods’ absence, which represents an important loss for the contemporary human being, trying to understand or face it. There is also the lack of inspiration and words with efficient expressive capacity that make poets suffer. However, poetry is the only way in which they express their situation and create a meaningful language. Finally, absence in poetry is also a fundamental sign of its generic specificity in connection with the means that it uses, as well as with its printed representation on paper, especially in the contemporary production. In all cases, poetry, based on the dialectic of being – not being, operates as a material, sensible and intellectual presence, which like the primordial logos fills the vacuum, eliminates absence and scarcity, generates and animates the human world and en-riches it with presence and meaning.
- Item« Écrire l’absence » selon Assia Djebar : Le Blanc de l’Algérie(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Gubińska, MariaThe well-known French-language writer, Assia Djebar, teaches the reader to listen intently to cultural differences, inspires tolerance towards other people and touches upon the problem of the emancipation of women in the Arab-Muslim civilization. In her work entitled Le Blanc de l’Algérie Djebar recalls deceased Algerian intellectuals, such as Albert Camus, Frantz Fanon or Kateb Yacine, as well as cruelly murdered writers and less known persons, who proved to be important for the author herself (namely her friends) and for the history of Algeria. The author bemoans those absent figures, remembering their last minutes of life, their families’ despair, and the atrocity of death. The article is an attempt at a reflection on the problem of absence that is in dichotomy with presence. The absence of great Algerians is unbearable; it is not silence, but a cry for the memory of the tragic moments in the history of the country. Those moments, when remembered, shall help understand better the painful contemporary times. Djebar in a subtle way removes a white shroud (white is the colour of mourning in the tradition of North-African countries), thus showing the reader the moving and colourful Algerian fresco.
- ItemLa poésie de Philippe Jaccottet : réparer l’absence, « à la frontière de Dieu »(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Guermès, SophieIn 1961 Philippe Jaccottet wrote: "The best answer to all kinds of questions is the poem’s very absence of a response". In keeping with the elusive nature of the world, abandoned by the gods and by God, the poem remains mysterious, thus translating as well as preserving the inexhaustible richness of Nature and human beings. So the poet not only accepts such a precarious situation, but learns from it. Nevertheless, when someone dear dies, the poet tends to deny the absence of the loved one and revolts against it, since there no longer are any signs of presence: merely incomprehensible absence. Yet he chooses to bear witness, even if he remains ignorant and weak. In effect, this is a duty: poetry provides a link which enables the separation to avoid becoming a definitive absence. Words are repairing shuttles.
- ItemNovecento, celui qui n’existait pas(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Miazga, KrystynaThe division of the article into three parts represents the three phenomena of absence present in Novecento, a work of Alessandro Baricco. First, the author discusses the peculiar existence of a main character, which, on the internal level of the story told in the book, is full of absence. On the external level, the author focuses on the manner of narration and stage performance (didascalia). His second scope of interest is the lack of author’s unanimous statement concerning the text genre, as well as the interspersion of important elements of drama, theatre and both, pure narrative and music forms. This, recently quite popular phenomenon, has been called hybridity. It allows the juxtaposing of contrasts, joining of contradictions and departures from the accepted specific rules in favour of artistic generic disarray. Moreover, this part of the paper stresses the difference between the original title and its French translation. The extra information added in the French version highlights the lack of precision in the original title. This significantly influences the readers’ choice. The third phenomenon discussed in the article is music. It has its special place among Baricco’s works. In Novecento, music is the second, after the pianist, protagonist. It can be even treated as equally important. However, the lack of a musical code (a proper way of communication) reduces the domination of music. By using a linguistic sign, the author gave music an important function – being the catalyst and medium between what exists but cannot be seen and what can be felt but cannot be expressed in words. Absence, perceived by human senses and the inadequacy of verbal expression, is elicited through music and, paradoxically, it becomes present.
- ItemDes œuvres décentes qui font rougir : la métaphore véhiculant la sexualité (apparemment) absente dans quelques romans zoliens(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Kaczmarek, AnnaSex and sexuality are two obsessions of the 19th century. As the literature of this time, influenced by the Victorian hypocritical morality, rejects these subjects, considered as “immoral”, the relation of any form of sexual act is consequently absent in the works of 19th century writers, even of those who consider themselves as realists. However, the work of a writer like Emile Zola cannot overlook this problem, so important for naturalism. For Zola, sex is a vital activity and should be shown in works of art. Therefore, to give his writings the appearance of decency, Zola uses metaphors that “sexualise” some elements of the world of his novels, like plants, animals, things, places and everyday occupations. This allows him to show, in an imaginary way, the aspects of life that cannot be displayed openly and directly. Thank to his poetic talent these images constitute a valuable part of his Rougon-Macquart series.
- ItemDécomposition et recomposition : présence et absence des corps noyés dans Lélia (1833) de George Sand et L’Éducation sentimentale (1845) de Gustave Flaubert(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Carrico, AbbeyIn Romantic literature, water often serves as a symbol of death and of the dissolution of the individual, representing a passage from presence to absence. In order to show this transformation, writers frequently rely on scenes of drowning. However, in these depictions drowning does not always lead to an absence, but rather, it reveals a physical presence: that of the cadavers themselves. Through a detailed analysis of two romantic texts whose treatment of drowning sheds light on the relationship between absence and presence, Lélia (1833) by George Sand and L’Éducation sentimentale (1845) by Gustave Flaubert, this study engages the following questions on thematic and structural levels: Does drowning undeniably bring about an annihilation of the individual? Are the boundaries between absence and presence, disappearing and (re)appearing, decomposition and (re)composition, clearly defined? Or is there another interpretation? One that is specific to textual portrayals of immersion? From an eco-critical perspective, it is clear that water represents an ideal space to portray the tension between life and death. As presented by Sand and Flaubert, drowned bodies inspire images of life rather than death and therefore cause the reader to question these boundaries on an imaginative and symbolic level.
- ItemAbsence de décision. Examen de quelques récits brefs des XIIe et XIIIe siècles(Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Wydawnictwo Werset, 2012) Gęsicka, AnnaThe absence of decision-making is one of the aspects of the issues of will and choices in short French court narratives of the XII and XIII centuries. The paper focuses on two executions that present this motif. Protagonists facing numerous options – or, on the contrary, being faced with dramatic turning points in the plot that restrict their choices – feel a kind of decision deadlock. In the analysed texts, the absence of decision – short or long term – is shown in the narratives with ‘ne set que faire’ formula (“does not know what to do”) and a reference to advice needed by the indecisive protagonist.