Wydział Nauk Społecznych / Faculty of Social Sciences

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12153/26
* Instytut Ekonomii i Finansów * Instytut Dziennikarstwa i Zarządzania * Instytut Pedagogiki * Instytut Psychologii * Instytut Nauk Socjologicznych * Instytut Nauk o Polityce i Administracji

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Browsing Wydział Nauk Społecznych / Faculty of Social Sciences by browse.metadata.rights "Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0)"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Attitudes of Different Age Groups Toward People With Intellectual Disability During the COVID-19 Pandemic
    (2021-07-12) Domagała-Zyśk, Ewa
    Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been particularly risky for people with disabilities and severe medical conditions, not only because the virus may be a direct threat to their physical health but also because of social exclusion and negating their needs and rights. Objective: This study aimed to assess the attitudes of people from different age groups towards people with intellectual disability (ID). Methods: The study included 223 people (19–85 years old) and was conducted in May 2020–January 2021. Data was collected using the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale Towards Persons With Disabilities and a self-designed Questionnaire regarding the attitudes towards people with ID during the pandemic. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24 (ANOVA). Results: The results of the study showed that the general attitudes were only slightly supportive and differed among people of different age groups: the youngest and the oldest generation expressed the most positive attitudes while the adults (35–60 y.o.) expressed the most negative ones. Conclusions: As the pandemic is spreading rapidly with no definitive solution, awareness to create more positive attitudes towards people with ID and recognizing their needs is essential.
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    Development and Validation of the Moral Sensitivity Inventory for Intellectually Disabled Persons
    (2020-06-15) Otrębski, Wojciech; Sudoł, Agnieszka
    This article presents the Moral Sensitivity Inventory, a unique reading-free tool for evaluating the moral sensitivity of people with intellectual disability. Moral sensitivity, one of the four components of Rest’s Four Component Model of Morality (1994), is thought to influence moral behavior. The Moral Sensitivity Inventory is intended for people aged 16–30 years with mild or moderate intellectual disabilities. The Moral Sensitivity Inventory is comprised of 10 stories with pictures illustrating the aspects of morality, which are grouped into six categories: responsibility; respect for the common good and the property of other people; harming other people; seeking and seeing the good in others; conformance to principles and norms; understanding. The Moral Sensitivity The inventory identifies competences and gaps in moral sensitivity, which makes it a helpful tool for educating and social rehabilitation of people with intellectual disabilities. The overall reliability of the tool was .89 and the reliability of individual stories ranged from .87 to .90.
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    Differences in Sexual Behavior of Teenagers and Young Adults with Cerebral Palsy: The Role of Sexual Needs and Sexual Esteem
    ("Sexuality and Disability", 2018, 4(36), s. 33-46, 2018-12-30) Czapla, Klaudia; Otrębski, Wojciech
    Sexuality is an inherent attribute of all human beings regardless of their race,religion and the level of physical fitness. The way it is perceived and manifested is determinedby a number of biopsychosocial factors. In some people, including persons with cerebralpalsy, the factors and their influence are rooted in the psychophysical condition of the humanbody. The aim of this study was to answer the question about how the levels of sexual esteemand sexual needs differentiate the sexual behaviors of young people with cerebral palsy. Thestudy being presented was conducted with 62 young persons with cerebral palsy (half womenand half men), who were selected using purposive sampling. They were aged 15–25 yearsand were individuals without cognitive difficulties. The research tool used was the CerebralPalsy Individual’s Sexual Behavior Questionnaire developed by the authors. The findings ofthe study showed that half of the participants engaged in various sexual behaviors from thelist that was presented to them. The frequencies of these engagements depended on the levelsof their sexual esteem and sexual needs. Persons characterized by high levels of sexualesteem and sexual needs (much fewer than those with the low levels of both characteristics)engaged in sexual behaviors significantly more frequently. The most frequent among themwas direct engagement in sexual activity (petting and sexual intercourse;pB.001) and thenexposure to sexually explicit magazines or films (pB.05).
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    Measurement tools of autism syndrome severity and selected neurocognitive processes in individuals with ASD
    (2017-05-08) Krzysztofik, Karolina; Otrębski, Wojciech
    According to the latest theories explaining the pathomechanism and course of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), this disorder is characterized by abnormalities in the development of neurocognitive processes, such as executive functions, “theory of mind”, cognitive style, or sensory integration processes. The structure of these processes is not homogenous, which has implications for measurement methodology. The type of indicators of the course and development level of neurocognitive processes analyzed by a researcher entails the need to choose an appropriate measurement tool. The behavioral indicators (verbal and nonverbal behavior of the participants) are measured with the use of observation sheets. On the other hand, the neurophysiological indicators are measured with the use of high-technology equip-ment, such as: computed tomography (CT), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), or eye tracker. By systematizing the tools most often used by researchers to measure sensory integration processes, the level of development of “theory of mind” and empathizing skills, as well as autism severity in individuals with ASD, the article reveals the relationship between the formulated hypothesis and the type of measured indicators of the abovementioned vari-ables. It therefore suggests that a project of research should be set by the investigator within a methodological approach that is relevant for the verification of the formulated hypothesis.Key words: Autistic Spectrum Disorder, methods
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    Moral Sensitivity of Young People with Intellectual Disability – Its Role in The Process of Their Education
    (Foxton Books, 2022) Otrębski, Wojciech; Czusz-Sudoł, Agnieszka
    According to Heller and Życiński (1980) the primary regulator of human behaviour is the system of values therefore its development should be in the centre of all educational and upbringing measures. Our focus here is on moral sensitivity understood as the ability of an individual to see social situations from the perspective of moral good and moral evil that represent values embodied in moral norms adopted by the world and internalised by humans as the principles of conduct. The main research question was the following: How morally sensitive are persons with ID and how is their sensitivity associated with the degree of intellectual disability and gender? A non-probability sample 267 of Polish residents aged 16-30 years with mild (58.42%) or moderate (41.58%) intellectual disability was assembled. Men and women were almost in equal proportion. The Moral Sensitivity Inventory (MSI; Otrębski, Sudoł, 2020) has been used to measure the moral sensitivity of people with ID. It consists of 10 illustrated stories presenting typical social situations containing moral dilemmas, and an evaluation form. The tested person’s task is to answer the following question “Who, in this story, did something right or wrong, and what was that?” and to indicate as many moral elements in the story and the picture as they can. The results imply that the study participants had different ability to discern moral good and moral evil. They were more sensitive to the manifestations of good and evil bad associated with Understanding one’s behaviour and its impact on others (more than one-fourth of them had high scores) and less perceptive of those relating to Respect for others’ property and Conformance to principles and norms. The results of the study expand the knowledge of the overall moral sensitivity of persons with intellectual disabilities.
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    Nadzieja podstawowa oraz jej zróżnicowanie u więźniów. Wskazania do pracy socjalnej i pastoralnej
    (Wydawnictwo Liberi Libri, 2022) Otrębski, Wojciech; Śliwak, Jacek; Sztobryn, Sylwia
    Osadzenie w zakładzie karnym stanowi moment przełomowy w życiu człowieka. Nadzieja podstawowa, jako ważny zasób osobowy usprawniający adaptację, wydaje się kluczowa zarówno w procesie radzenia sobie z sytuacją trudną przez więźnia, jak i w jego resocjalizacji. Celem badania było ustalenie poziomu nadziei podstawowej w grupie mężczyzn osadzonych w zakładzie karnym typu zamkniętego oraz wskazanie istotnych czynników jej zmienności u badanych. Przebadano grupę 80 mężczyzn w wieku 22–77 lat (M = 38, SD = 12,47) przebywających w zakładzie karnym typu zamkniętego. W badaniach wykorzystano Kwestionariusz nadziei podstawowej – BHI-12 oraz Ankietę danych demograficznych – skonstruowaną przez autorów. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują przeciętny poziom nadziei podstawowej u badanych mężczyzn osadzonych w zakładzie karnym. Wysokość wyroku oraz recydywa stanowią czynniki istotnie różnicujące poziom nadziei podstawowej w badanej grupie. Istotnie wyższą nadzieją podstawową charakteryzowały się osoby z niskimi wyrokami oraz przebywające w zakładzie karnym po raz drugi. Uzyskane rezultaty i wyciągane wnioski mogą być ważną wskazówką dla pracy socjalnej i duszpasterstwa więziennego.
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    Remote teaching and learning – challenges and opportunities for students with special educational needs
    (2021-09) Domagała-Zyśk, Ewa
    The pandemic makes it a rule that remote teaching has become a regular way of education nowadays. After the first period of emergency remote teaching (ERT), both the teachers and students entered the second stage of more regular remote teaching. Both teachers and young people improved their digital literacy skills and can experience fully the benefits of remote/blended learning. However, there are also many worries about the youths’ well-being in the lockdown time. Remote learning education creates plenty of challenges, connected with inequalities in access to both the equipment and IT services, various levels of the quality of remote teaching and mental health issues. It is especially the case of students with special educational needs (SEN), like disabilities of learning challenges. At John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin a research group was established in April 2020 (coordinated by the author of this text) to study the conditions and recommendations for remote teaching of SEN students. The presentation will be discussing the main results of the findings of this project shown in a wider context on remote education methodology. Recommendations will be formulated for fully inclusive remote education of students with special/additional educational needs.
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    Społeczeństwo informacyjne – w świetle badań w Polsce i Francji
    (2009) Borowska, Barbara
    We współczesnym świecie środki masowego przekazu i hipermedia stały się nieodłącznymi elementami współczesnego życia. Zamiennie używa się terminów: środki masowego przekazu, komunikacja i społeczne media interakcji. W wyniku radykalnych zmian w edukacji i przystąpienia Polski do Unii Europejskiej, korzystanie z komputera i Internetu wśród młodzieży licealnej stało się bardzo interesującym tematem badawczym. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone wśród uczniów szkół ponadgimnazjalnych w Polsce i Francji.
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    W poszukiwaniu człowieka wartościowego – sylwetka duchowa Dietricha Bonhoeffera i jej pedagogiczna aktualność
    (2018) Jeziorański, Marek
    W 1964 roku Bogdan Nawroczyński opublikował w „Kwartalniku Pedagogicznym” artykuł pt. „Szukajmy człowieka”. Po raz kolejny, na nowo starał się w nim podjąć kwestię skuteczności oddziaływań wychowawczych. Po szeregu przywoływanych stanowisk naukowych Nawroczyński dochodzi do wniosku, że najważniejszą metodą wychowawczą jest pociągający przykład dojrzałego wzoru osobowego. Problematyka tego wystąpienia wpisuje się w koncepcję metodologiczną B. Nawroczyńskiego. Chodzi w nim o przedstawienie sylwetki duchowej Dietricha Bonhoeffera w kategorii wzoru osobowego. Podstawowym problemem wystąpienia jest pytanie o to, jaka jest pedagogiczna aktualność sylwetki duchowej Dietricha Bonhoeffera. Główną literaturą źródłową będą listy Dietricha Bonhoeffera z więzienia w Tegel, tj. od 14.04.1943 do 26.04.1944. Wnioski będą próbą ukazania wartościowych cech dojrzałej osobowości