Browsing by Author "Zabielski, Romuald"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Gradual disapperance of vacuolated enterocytes in the small intestine of neonatal piglets
    (Kraków: Polish Physiological Society, 2007) Skrzypek, Tomasz; Valverde Piedra, Jose Luis; Skrzypek, Henryk; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Biernat, Marzena; Zabielski, Romuald
    The unique feature of enterocytes in newborn mammals is the presence of an apical canalicular system (ACS) leading to production of large vacuoles, important for colostral macromolecule uptake. The vacuolated fetal-type enterocytes (VFE) enable transfer of colostral and milk proteins from the intestinal lumen across the epithelium without loosing their biological activity. First VFE are observed in the pig and lamb fetuses in the second trimester of pregnancy, located at the upper part of villi in the proximal region of the fetal small intestine and subsequently in the middle and distal regions. After birth the VFE are replaced with enterocytes lacking ACS. The present study aimed to investigate the depletion of VFE in the small intestine in the sow reared pig neonates during the first postnatal weeks using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM analysis demonstrated the gradual disappearance of vacuolated enterocytes in time. VFE remained in the jejunum for a few days after birth, whereas in the duodenum single VFE were present only at birth. In the proximal jejunum, the VFE were localized in the upper part of the villi, and disappeared until the day 3 of life. VFE were present in the mid and distal jejunum, and diminished gradually until day 14 of life. By the day 21 of life, the vacuolated cells were not observed neither in the jejunum nor ileum. In conclusion, morphology analysis of pig small intestinal mucosa suggests that replacement of fetal type vacuolated enterocytes is resumed within 21 days after birth.
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    Intestinal MMC-related electric fields and pancreatic juice control the adhesion of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to the gut epithelium - in vitro study
    (2008) Jankowska, Alicja; Wrzesiński, Michał; Laubitz, Daniel; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Skrzypek, Henryk; Bardowski, Jacek; Zabielski, Romuald; Grzesiuk, Elżbieta
    The adhesion of six different Lactobacillus and Lactococcus and three pathogenic Escherichia and Salmonella strains was studied using Caco-2 cell line. In this in vitro model system the influence of weak electric field (EF) on bacterial adhesion was tested. The EF source was the in vitro reconstruction of spiking potentials recorded in the duodenum of a healthy calf during one myoelectrical migration complex (MMC) cycle. The ability to adhere to Caco-2 cells of bacteria belonging to two groups, Gram-positive lactobacilli and lactococci, and Gram-negative Escherichia and Salmonella differed considerably. The pathogenic bacteria adhered better to well-differentiated Caco-2 cells whereas lactobacilli and lactococci displayed better adhesion to non-differentiated Caco-2 cells. In the presence of MMC-related EF an increased adhesion of Lactobacillus and Lactococcus but not of Salmonella enterica s. Enteritidis and E. coli 269 to Caco-2 cells was observed. Two later strains adhered even less in the presence of EF. The same tendency was found in the presence of pancreatic juice in a cell medium. In conclusion, the myoelectric component of the small intestinal motility, the MMC-related EF, and pancreatic juice may increase the ability of lactic acid bacteria to adhere to GI epithelial cells, creating better environmental conditions for colonization of the intestine and competition with Gram-negative pathogens.
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    Mechanisms involved in the development of the small intestine mucosal layer in postnatal piglets
    (Kraków: Polish Physiological Society, 2018) Skrzypek, Tomasz; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Skrzypek, Henryk; Valverde Piedra, Jose Luis; Godlewski, Michał; Zabielski, Romuald
    The use of complementary visualization and measurement techniques allowed accurate description and quantification of changes in the intestinal mucosal architecture and provided a comprehensive outlook on the dynamics of remodeling and maturation processes of the mucosal layer taking place in the small intestine of piglets from birth to weaning. The aim of the study was to examine the early postnatal development of the small intestine in pigs. Three techniques were used: scanning electron microscopy (measurements ofvillus density and shape, height ofenterocytes and microvilli, cell exfoliation, and location of extrusion zones), optical microscopy (cross section, measurement of structures: villus length and width; crypt depth; mucosal thickness), and confocal microscopy (cell localization, apoptosis, exfoliation and migration). The postnatal development ofthe mucosal layer ofthe small intestine was reflected in changes in the density, length, width, and shape of villi, crypt depth, replacement of enterocyte population, and arrangement. The presence of deep transverse furrows on villus corpus and vacuolated fetal-type enterocytes in the mucosal layer of the small intestine, which are able to engulf large amounts of colostrum shortly after birth, appears to play an important role in the observed phenomenon of straightening of the villus height and increasing of the villus diameter shortly after birth. We hypothesized that the intestinal mucosal layer is compressed before birth and ready to unfold within a short time after birth.
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    The contribution of vacuolated foetal-type enterocytes in the process of maturation of the small intestine in piglets
    (Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, 2018-08-27) Skrzypek, Tomasz; Szymańczyk, Sylwia; Ferenc, Karolina; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Szczepaniak, Klaudiusz; Zabielski, Romuald
    In neonates the vacuolated foetal-type enterocytes (VFE) play a key role in the transport of intact colostral and milk proteins from the lumen of the small intestine into the circulation and/or in the intracellular digestion of intestinal nutrients. The absorption of intact colostral macromolecules (including immunoglobulins, hormones and bioactive peptides) is important in the development of the immune and digestive systems of newborn piglets. The digestion of the intestinal content inside the VFE supports the luminal digestion of nutrients. The presence of apical canalicular system, which produces both the transport and the digestive vacuoles, is a key feature of VFE. The VFEs are gradually replaced by adult-type enterocytes. VFEs disappear gradually from the proximal part of the small intestine to the ileum. VFEs containing large (also referred to as giant) transport vacuoles disappear within the first 2–3 days after birth. VFEs containing digestive vacuoles are present for up to week 3 of life. In contrast, VFEs of intrauterine growth retarded piglets show abnormalities in their development of the apical area. The loss of VFEs is a good marker of the small intestine epithelium maturation.