Browsing by Author "Grzybowska, Joanna"

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    Latin Nomina Sacra in the Early Fifteenth-Century Manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible
    (Lingwistyczna Szkoła Wyższa w Warszawie, 2016) Grzybowska, Joanna
    The main objective of this paper is to investigate the use of ‘nomina sacra’ in the Gospel of Matthew from an early fifteenth-century manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible (Mscr. Dresd.Od.83). nomina sacra are abbreviations for names sacred for Christians. They were transferred to Latin texts from Greek manuscripts of the Bible. The sacred names were abbreviated by the means of contractions: ‘pure contractions’ – the first and last letter are spelled out and ‘mixed contractions’ – the first two letters are written out along with the last letter (Cappelli 1929/1982, 7). In the analyzed manuscript the scribe chose to use the latter form of contractions. Although at first the originally Greek abbreviation for the name Jesus was Latinised into IHS, the influence of Irish scribes brought back the Greek-like form ΙΗC. At the same time the nomina sacra in Latin texts were marked for case e.g. the abbreviation IHU – Iēsū (denoting genitive, dative, ablative or vocative). The five different abbreviations of the relevant type used in the examined manuscript represent the second category of nomina sacra. There are two abbreviations for the name Jesus ihc and ihu as well as abbreviations for other proper nouns important for Christians – isrl (Israel), aplis (Apostlis), ierhu (Ierusalem).
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    The use of abbreviations by superscript letter in an early fifteenth-century manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible
    (Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2018) Grzybowska, Joanna
    The use of scribal abbreviations in medieval manuscripts was mainly dictated by the need to save space and time as the creation of a medieval book was both extremely costly and time-consuming. One of the types of scribal abbreviations used in medieval manuscripts is abbreviation by superscript letter. In this type of abbreviations one superscript letter indicates the ending of a given word, or, in some cases, a medial position. Both vowels and consonants were used as abbreviations by superscript. They usually denoted, apart from the actual letter written in superscript, the preceding vowel or the letter . According to Cappelli (1929/1982), superscript letters in Latin were used mainly in word-final positions; however, it was not uncommon for a superscript vowel to appear word-medially. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the use of superscript letters in an early fifteenth-century manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible (Mscr.Dresd.Od.83) on the basis of the Gospel of Matthew. Within the manuscript there are both superscript consonants and vowels. However, in some cases these abbreviations seem to appear in very specific contexts, whereas in other cases the contexts allowing the abbreviations to appear are much broader. The possible reasons behind this situation will be discussed within this paper along with the correspondence between the superscript letter and the spelling conventions used within the manuscript.
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    The use of abbreviations by superscript letter in an early fifteenth-century manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible
    (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2018) Grzybowska, Joanna
    The use of scribal abbreviations in medieval manuscripts was mainly dictated by the need to save space and time as the creation of a medieval book was both extremely costly and time-consuming. One of the types of scribal abbreviations used in medieval manuscripts is abbreviation by superscript letter. In this type of abbreviations one superscript letter indicates the ending of a given word, or, in some cases, a medial position. Both vowels and consonants were used as abbreviations by superscript. They usually denoted, apart from the actual letter written in superscript, the preceding vowel or the letter . According to Cappelli (1929/1982), superscript letters in Latin were used mainly in word-final positions; however, it was not uncommon for a superscript vowel to appear word-medially. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the use of superscript letters in an early fifteenth-century manuscript of the Wycliffite Bible (Mscr.Dresd.Od.83) on the basis of the Gospel of Matthew. Within the manuscript there are both superscript consonants and vowels. However, in some cases these abbreviations seem to appear in very specific contexts, whereas in other cases the contexts allowing the abbreviations to appear are much broader. The possible reasons behind this situation will be discussed within this paper along with the correspondence between the superscript letter and the spelling conventions used within the manuscript.