Browsing by Author "Gruszczak, Artur"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Coping With Neo-Nomadic Mobility: Frontex’s Agent Power In The EU’s Extended Borderland
    (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2019) Gruszczak, Artur
    Migration movements to Europe, triggered by dramatic political and social developments in North Africa and the Middle East, have contributed to a decrease in the level of security in the European Union and to the crisis of this organization. This article addresses the issue of migration in the context of the phenomenon of neo-nomadism and its effects on the policies of the member states of the European Union, as well as its institutions and agencies. The consequences of neo-nomadism are analyzed in regard to ​​the EU’s "extended borderland" on the example of the activities of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) in the Central Mediterranean. Frontex’s joint operations "Triton" and "Themis" serve as a useful frame of reference in examining this agency’s "agent power" expressed in activities concerning migratory movements in the EU's "extended borderland". The hypothesis developed in this article holds that the dynamics of mobility resulting from the specific features of neo-nomadism activates the "agent power" of entities involved in mobility and border management in two forms: inclusionary, for humanitarian reasons, and exclusionary, for the sake of security. As an agency responsible for supporting the management of the EU's external borders and implementing return policy, Frontex has concentrated its agent power on securing territory, borders and population at the expense of humanitarian search-and-rescue operations. Joint operations "Triton" and "Themis" have clearly highlighted the trend towards an exclusionary approach to migrants. Post-functionalism referring to the original conceptualisation put forward by Hooghe and Marx is the theoretical frame adopted in the present study. The research method is qualitative, based on desk research including the analysis and interpretation of primary and secondary sources.
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    Rola grupy G6 w polityce bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego Unii Europejskiej
    (Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, 2024) Gruszczak, Artur
    Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przeanalizowanie wpływu grupy G6 na obszar bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego Unii Europejskiej. G6 jest przykładem inicjatyw, które powstały poza prawno-instytucjonalnymi ramami Unii Europejskiej, ale miały na celu wywarcie znaczącego wpływu na procesy polityczne w UE. Pytanie badawcze postawione w tym artykule brzmi: Jaki wpływ miała agenda G6 na kształtowanie polityki w zakresie bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego UE? Metodologia obejmuje postfunkcjonalizm jako ramę teoretyczną. Badania opierały się na metodach jakościowych, analizie źródeł pierwotnych i literatury przedmiotu. Wyniki badań wskazują na znaczący wpływ G6 jako nieformalnego forum konsultacji i ustalania agendy w odniesieniu do istotnych kwestii bezpieczeństwa wewnętrznego UE. G6 wspierała politykę UE w sytuacji najpoważniejszych wyzwań bezpieczeństwa, korzystając z konstruktywnego kompromisu między ponadnarodowymi skutkami polityki UE a interesami państw członkowskich. The present paper seeks to analyze the impact of the Group of Six (G6) on the area of internal security of the European Union. The G6 is an example of initiatives which were born outside the legal-institutional framework of the European Union yet were aiming to exert a significant influence on the political processes within the EU. The key research question raised in this paper is: What impact has the G6’s agenda got on policy-making in the EU’s internal security field? Methodology contains postfunctionalism as a theoretical framework. Research was based on qualitative methods, an analysis of primary sources and the subject literature. The findings point to the significant influence of the G6 as an informal forum for consultations and agenda-setting with regard to key matters of the EU’s internal security. The G6 supported the EU’s policy in the face of the most serious security challenges, taking advantage of the constructive compromise between the supranational effects of EU policy and the interests of the member states.
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    The use of force by the Frontex agency: International legal aspects
    (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2021) Gruszczak, Artur
    Summary: This article tackles the issue of legal regulation of the use of force by the European Union based on the example of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex), operating in the EU’s area of freedom, security, and justice. Due to the risks and threats related to border protection and migration management, Frontex has been endowed with extensive powers to use force in its operations. Using the concept of institutional isomorphism, the author argues that Frontex’s activities in the face of specific and extremely difficult challenges at the external borders of the EU have become a component of operations undertaken by the border services of the Member States, leading to an isomorphic “merging” of the activities of EU agencies and national border services, including the legal dimension of the use of force.