Browsing by Author "Ferenc, Karolina"

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    Nanopore-sequencing characterization of the gut microbiota of Melolontha melolontha larvae: contribution to protection against entomopathogenic nematodes?
    (MDPI, 2021-03-25) Sajnaga, Ewa; Skowronek, Marcin; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Ferenc, Karolina; Lis, Magdalena; Wiater, Adrian
    This study focused on the potential relationships between midgut microbiota of the common cockchafer Melolontha melolontha larvae and their resistance to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) infection. We investigated the bacterial community associated with control and unsusceptible EPN-exposed insects through nanopore sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant bacterial phyla within the complex and variable midgut microbiota of the wild M. melolontha larvae. The core microbiota was found to include 82 genera, which accounted for 3.4% of the total number of identified genera. The EPN-resistant larvae differed significantly from the control ones in the abundance of many genera belonging to the Actinomycetales, Rhizobiales, and Clostridiales orders. Additionally, the analysis of the microbiome networks revealed different sets of keystone midgut bacterial genera between these two groups of insects, indicating differences in the mutual interactions between bacteria. Finally, we detected Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus as gut residents and various bacterial species exhibiting antagonistic activity against these entomopathogens. This study paves the way to further research aimed at unravelling the role of the host gut microbiota on the output of EPN infection, which may contribute to enhancement of the efficiency of nematodes used in eco-friendly pest management.
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    The contribution of vacuolated foetal-type enterocytes in the process of maturation of the small intestine in piglets
    (Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, 2018-08-27) Skrzypek, Tomasz; Szymańczyk, Sylwia; Ferenc, Karolina; Kazimierczak, Waldemar; Szczepaniak, Klaudiusz; Zabielski, Romuald
    In neonates the vacuolated foetal-type enterocytes (VFE) play a key role in the transport of intact colostral and milk proteins from the lumen of the small intestine into the circulation and/or in the intracellular digestion of intestinal nutrients. The absorption of intact colostral macromolecules (including immunoglobulins, hormones and bioactive peptides) is important in the development of the immune and digestive systems of newborn piglets. The digestion of the intestinal content inside the VFE supports the luminal digestion of nutrients. The presence of apical canalicular system, which produces both the transport and the digestive vacuoles, is a key feature of VFE. The VFEs are gradually replaced by adult-type enterocytes. VFEs disappear gradually from the proximal part of the small intestine to the ileum. VFEs containing large (also referred to as giant) transport vacuoles disappear within the first 2–3 days after birth. VFEs containing digestive vacuoles are present for up to week 3 of life. In contrast, VFEs of intrauterine growth retarded piglets show abnormalities in their development of the apical area. The loss of VFEs is a good marker of the small intestine epithelium maturation.